早产胎膜早破病因及对母儿预后的影响

　　【摘要】 目的 探讨早产胎膜早破发生的原因及母儿预后的影响。方法 对121例早产胎膜早破病例资料回顾性分析，并采用病例对照分析方法。结果 早产胎膜早破的病因主要为生殖道感染、妊娠合并内外科疾病、不良孕产史等。28～33+6孕周组与34～36+6孕周组在剖宫产率、新生儿体重、新生儿病率、新生儿窒息及围生儿死亡方面有显著性差异。结论应重视产前检查及保健，积极预防早产胎膜早破。对于孕周小于34 w者，尽量延长孕周，促胎肺成熟，预防感染，并选择合适的分娩方式,降低围生儿发病率和死亡率。

　　【关键词】 胎膜早破;早产; 病因; 母儿预后

　　An Analysis of Causes of Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes and

　　its Influence on Mother and NewbornLIU Ying

　　(The Hospital of Women and Children in Jinzhou, Jinzhou 121000 China)Abstract：Objective To approach the causes of preterm premature rupture of membranes and its influence on mother and newborn.Methods The Clinical data of 121 cases of preterm premature rupture of membranes were retrospectively analyzed. Results The main causes of this complication were as follows: The infection of Genital tract, Complicated by gestational medical and surgery disease, bad history of pregnant and childbirth. It was highly variable in rate of caesarean birth , the incidence and fatality rates of newborn and low birth weight between group of pregnancy for 28～33+6weeks and group of pregnancy for 34～36+6weeks.Conclusions To think highly of the prenatal check-up and health care. To preclude actively Premature Delivery Complicated by Early Rupture of Embryolemma. The gestational period of women being 34 weeks should be properly prolonged in order to help the foetal lungs to mature; the measures should be taken to prevent the unborn child infecting, and the right delivery way should be chosen, so that the incidence and fatality rates of perinatal infants will be lower.

　　Key words： premature rupture of membrane;premature delivery;etiological factor

　　早产伴发胎膜早破称为早产胎膜早破(preterm premature rupture of membranes,PPROM)。胎膜早破是造成早产的重要因素，在早产中约有三分之一并发胎膜早破。胎膜早破使早产的处理变得复杂化，同时大大增加了围生儿的发病率和死亡率，成为妊娠较严重的并发症之一。回顾性分析2006年3月至2007年2月间121例早产胎膜早破病例的发病因素及对母儿的影响，报告如下。

　　1 资料与方法

　　1.1 资料来源

　　2003年3月至2005年2月我院产科收治早产胎膜早破病例共121例，其中 28～33+6孕周27例，34～36+6孕周101例

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