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上海市浦东新区外来人口麻疹流行病学分析及控制策略 |
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刘军 张秀英 胡家瑜 费怡 李秀珠 张金芳
摘 要：上海市浦东新区近10余年来本区户籍人口麻疹发病控制在历史最低水平，但自1991年浦东新区成立后，外来人口逐年增多，其麻疹发病日益突出。通过对1991～1998年该区外来人口麻疹的流行病学分析，发现发病的高峰季节是2～4月，病人以无免疫史的学龄前儿童为主。对外来人口进行常规免疫并辅以突击接种取得显著成效的基础上，还应扩大现有的计划免疫管理网络，加强对外来人口（尤其是儿童）的掌握力度。
关键词：外来人口；麻疹；控制策略；管理网络
分类号：R511.1 文献标识码：A
文章编号：1006－916X（2000）01－0017-03
Analysis of the Epidemiological Characteristics of Measles and the Control Strategy in Floating Population in Pudong New Area of Shanghai
LIU Jun, ZHANG Xiu-ying, HU Jia-yu, et al.
（Epidemic Pevention Station of Pudong New Area of Shanghai, Shanghai 200129, China.）
Abstract：Incidence for measles in Pudong New Area had dropped to the lowest level in the past decade. But after the founding of the Pudong New Area in 1991, along with the floating population growing, measles infection in this population is becoming increasingly outstanding. This paper analyzed the survey of measles case druing 1991～1998 in Pudong New Area. The epidemiological characteristics was summarized as follows; the seasonal peak appeared from February to April; the highest incidence was of preschool aged children who had not been vaccinated with measles vaccine. In order to control the measles incidence in floating population, some effective strategies have been carried out, such as two-doses routine measles vaccination and emergent vaccination. During 1997～1998, after mass vaccination of 8 months to 30 years old age group， the measles cases had reduced 37.04% in 1998 compared with the cases occurred in 1997. In order to eliminate measles, the administrative net must be extended to know well the floating population, especially for the children of preschool age.
Key words：Floating population; Measles control strategy; Administrative net▲
随着计划免疫工作的不断深入，上海市浦东新区控制麻疹取得显著成效。1987年以来本区户籍人口麻疹发病率控制在1／10万以下，其中1987、1988、1990、1995年发病率为0；麻疹疫苗（MV）接种率保持在99％以上，人群中已形成预防麻疹的免疫屏障。但自1991年浦东新区成立后，大量外来人口进入本区，其麻疹发病率日益突出，并成为本区计划免[1] [2] 下一页
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