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超干红花种子抗老化作用及其机理 |
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胡家恕1 朱 诚2 曾广文2 郑光华3
摘要：红花种子含水量 (MC) 降至5%以下,能显著提高抗老化劣变能力；在同等老化条件下,对照种子 (MC=9.01%) 活力已大幅度下降,而超干种子 (MC=4.84%～1.88%) 的活力保持不变。超干处理对红花种子脱氢酶、过氧化氢酶 (CAT)及超氧物歧化酶(SOD)活性均无明显影响。经同等老化处理后,超干种子脱氢酶活性明显高于对照种子。在同等老化条件下,当对照种子CAT和SOD活性明显下降时,超干种子仍保持较高活性。红花种子在超干老化处理后,其胚中自由基水平相对地升高,超干种子经吸胀萌发前的回水处理,可使因老化导致的过多自由基及时得到清除,从而保证了超干种子能正常进入萌发状态。
关键词：超干，红花种子，脱氢酶，过氧化氢酶，超氧物岐化酶，自由基
学科分类号：Q946
Effect of Aging-resistance of Ultradried Safflower Seeds and Its Machanism
HU Jia-Shu1, ZHU Cheng2 , ZENG Guang-Wen2 and ZHENG Guang-Hua3
(1Institute of Biochemistry, 2Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Zhejiang University Hua Jia Chi Campus, Hangzhou 310029；3Beijing Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093)
Abstract：Experiments were conducted with safflower seeds rich in linoleic acid. Seed viability, seed vigor, aging-tolerance, morphological integrity of cells, lipid peroxidation and free radical levels in ultradried seeds were determined. The results showed that (1) Ultradrying treatment was not injurious to safflower seeds, it did not induce any significant change either in germination rate or seed vigor. Furthermore, our experimental data indicated that ultradried seeds became more tolerant under aging-accelerating treatment (Figs.1～3). (2) During ultradrying of safflower seeds,their content of free radicals increased,but decreased on rehydration before germination,which had a scavenging action (Table 1; Figs. 6,7). (3) The active-oxygen-scavenging system retained its capability during storage in an ultradry state (Table 2; Figs.4, 8).
Key words: ultradry, safflower seed, dehydrogenase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, free radical
种子含水量和贮藏温度是种子安全贮藏期间生活力和活力保持的关键因素。目前植物种质资源保存的最佳手段是在低温或超低温库中进行贮藏，但低温库投资巨大，技术要求高，常年运转费用昂贵。所谓超干燥贮藏就是将种子含水量降到通常的安全含水量（5％）以下，在常温下进行贮藏。早期研究表明,通过降低种子含水量,可在较高温度下贮藏，其效果与较高含水量低温贮藏相同（程红炎 1994，Dickie等1990，Ellis等1988，Ellis等1990）。近年来对超低水分种子进行的细胞学、遗传学及生理学方面的研究表明,种[1] [2] 下一页
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