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加长柄双极股骨头置换治疗高龄患者不稳定粗隆间骨折的临床研究

【摘要】 目的: 分析及评价应用加长柄双极股骨头置换治疗高龄患者不稳定粗隆间骨折的方法及疗效。方法: 应用加长柄双极股骨头置换治疗老年不稳定粗隆间骨折30例。骨折类型按Evans-Jenson分类,ⅢA:12例,ⅢB:16例,Ⅳ2例。结果:所有患者均获得随访,平均随访时间14个月(5~25个月),本组病人术后切口均1期愈合,无术中死亡,无感染,无松动。Harris评分平均83.4分,优良率86.7%。结论: 加长柄双极股骨头置换治疗高龄患者股骨粗隆间不稳定骨折是一种效果确切的方法,创伤小,并发症少。

  【关键词】 加长柄双极股骨头; 置换; 粗隆间骨折; 高龄患者

  Long-stem bipolar prosthetic replacement for the management of

  unstable intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly

  LI Zi-hui, WU Bing, WANG Chun-hui, et al

  (Department of Orthopaedics, Shihezi People’s Hospital, Shihezi 832000, China)

  Abstract: Objective: To study and evaluate results of long-stem bipolar prosthetic replacement for the management of unstable intertrochanteric fractures In the elderly. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 30 consecutive elderly cases of long-stem bipolar prosthetic replacement for unstable intertrochanteric fractures was conducted. There were 12 cases with typeⅢA of the fracture by Evans-Jenson classification, ⅢB in 16 cases, Ⅳ in 2 cases. Results: Followed-up period ranged from 5 months to 25 months (average 14 months) in 30. None died in operation, no relaxdtion and infection. Harris score reached 83.4,the final satisfactory rate of being excellent and good was 86.7%. Conclusion: Long-stem bipolar prosthetic replacement for the management of unstable intertrochanteric fractures in elderly is desirable and it has smaller wound and less complications.

  Key words: long-stem bipolar prosthetic; replacement; intertrochanteric fractures; elderly

  随着人口老龄化,骨质疏松导致的脆性骨折日益成为骨科医师所关注的问题。股骨粗隆间骨折为老年人常见骨折,女性多见。虽然治疗方法不断改进,技术手段不断提高,但由于老年患者常合并不同程度的系统疾病,特别是伴有骨质疏松的骨折使得治疗后出现的并发症较多,病死率达15%~20%[1],因此,股骨粗隆间骨折一直是临床上处理的难题之一。国外在20世纪70年代就已开始应用人工股骨头置换技术治疗老年人不稳定的股骨粗隆骨折[2]。自2003年7月以来,我科采用加长柄双极人工股骨头置换治疗高龄患者股骨粗隆间骨折,在早期下地活动、改善关节功能、减少并发症等方面均取得了满意疗效。

  1 资料与方法

  1.1 一般资料 2003年7月~2007年5月共治疗符合纳入标准的患者共30例,男性12例,女性18例,年龄68~90岁,平均81.4岁。按Evans-Jenson分类:ⅢA 12例,ⅢB 16例,Ⅳ 2例,均为不稳定性骨折。致伤原因:摔伤24例,自行车及动力车

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