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史占军 景宗森 金大地

【摘要】 目的 探讨应用HD-MTX后推迟解救时间的安全性。方法 恶性骨肿瘤患者16例,按综合治疗方案进行术前术后化疗,其中MTX用量按10 g/m2计算。分别于MTX注射完毕后6 h(早解救,16例28次)、18~20 h(晚解救,16例16次)始给予甲酰四氢叶酸钙(CF),观察两组解救方法的毒性反应。结果 晚解救的毒性重于早解救,但两组间只有一过性谷丙转氨酶升高差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论 应用大剂量MTX后,早期小剂量CF解救及较大剂量CF晚解救都是安全的,均无不可控制的毒性反应发生。
【关键词】 骨肿瘤;甲氨喋呤;叶醛酸;毒性
【中图分类号】 R738.1

Toxicity of high-dose methotrexate with delayed citrovorum factor rescue

Shi Zhanjun, Jing Zongsen, Jin Dadi

(Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, The First Military Medical University, Guangzhou Guangdong 510515)

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate clinically the safety of delayed citrovorum factor (CF) rescue for the improvement of the therapeutic effect of Methotrexate (MTX). Methods 16 patients with malignant bone tumors were treated surgically with adjuvant chemotherapy, 10 g/m2 MTX was administered. Rescue was started on from 6 hours after the finishing MTX infusion in early rescue group(28 times for 16 patients), and from 18~20 hours in delayed rescue group(16 times for 16 patients). CF was administered and the toxic reactions were observed. Results The toxicity of MTX in delayed rescue group was more serious than in early one, but only the rise of serum ALT between the 2 groups are statistically different (P<0.05). Conclusion Both early low-dose and delayed higher-dose CF rescue are safe to the patients, and there are no events beyond control occurred due to HD-MTX and delayed rescue.
【Key words】 bone neoplasms; methotrexate; leucovorin; toxicity

  骨科联合化疗方案中最常用的药物是甲氨喋呤(MTX),大剂量甲氨喋呤(HD-MTX)应用相对安全,无积累毒性。目前多在HD-MTX注射完毕后6h开始使用甲酰四氢叶酸钙(CF)解救。本研究旨在观察推迟CF解救时间的安全性,以提高MTX的化疗效果。

1 材料与方法
1.1 病例资料 经病理证实的恶性骨肿瘤患者16例,其中男9例,女7例,年龄9~44岁。骨肉瘤10例,软骨肉瘤4例,恶性纤维组织细胞瘤及局限性浆细胞瘤各1例。患者均接受手术及化疗为主的综合治疗。除3例做了截肢手术外,其余均行保肢手术治疗。
1.2 化疗方法 术前术后患者均接受大剂量化疗药物联合化疗,主要用药为阿霉素或表阿霉素、MTX、顺铂,各药按阿霉素或表阿霉素、MTX、MTX、顺铂、MTX、MTX的次序轮流使用,其中MTX的用量按10 g/m2计算,溶于生理盐水后行动脉插管灌注或静脉滴注

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