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应用小鼠整体试验对自来水中有机污染物潜在危害的评价 |
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吴坤 宋春华 刘芳 陈波林
摘要 目的 了解在哺乳动物整体试验中自来水有机浓集物对机体的损害作用。方法 用XAD-2树脂吸附自来水中有机污染物，采用灌胃或腹腔注射的途径对小鼠进行染毒，测定了骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率、睾丸染色体畸变率，免疫功能指标及肝脏S9组分的乙氧基异吩恶唑O-脱乙基酶（EROD）活性。结果 在高剂量（相当200 L/kg自来水,3天）染毒条件下， 微核率和睾丸染色体畸变率分别增加1.7倍和3.5倍；而在低剂量（相当6 L/kg自来水，14天）条件下，机体的体液免疫和非特异性免疫功能明显受到抑制；此外自来水有机浓集物还可明显诱导EROD活性，且有良好的剂量依赖关系。结论 自来水有机浓集物可引起小鼠体细胞及生殖细胞的染色体损伤，免疫功能下降，并可诱导肝脏微粒体细胞色素P448活性，提示自来水有机浓集物对哺乳动物可能具有一定的潜在致癌危险性。
关键词 危害物质 给水 染色体畸变 免疫性 氧化还原酶类 细胞色素P-450
Evaluation of Potential Harmful Effects of Organic Pollutants in Tap Water on Mice in Vivo
WU Kun, SONG Chunhua, LIU Fang, et al.
School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001
Abstract Objective To study the harmful effects of organic concentrates from tap water on mammal animals in vivo. Methods Organic pollutants were absorbed with resin XAD-2 from tap water and administered the mice via a stomach tube or intraperitoneal injection. Micronucleus rate in bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes, testicular chromosome aberration rate, indices for immune functions and the activity of ethoxyresourufin o-deethylase （EROD）in S9 fraction of the liver were determined. Results Micronucleus rate and chromosome aberration rate increased by 1.7 and 3.5 folds, respectively, after administration of high dose of organic pollutants from the tap water（200 liters of tap water per kilograms of body weight）for three days. Humoral immunity and non-specific immune functions were obviously inhibited after administration of low-dose （6 L/kg）. In addition, organic concentrates from tap water also could significantly induce the activity of EROD, with a good dose-dependent relationship. Conclusion Organic concentrates from tap water could cause chromosome damage to somatic and germ cells and decrease in immune functions in the mice, as well as they could induce the activity of cytochrome P448 in the liver microsome. It suggested that organic pollutants concentrated from tap wat[1] [2] 下一页
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