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天津市20年甲状腺疾病发病的变化 天津医科大学总医院临床病理资料分析 |
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江昌新 方佩华 张丽辉 谭郁彬
【摘要】 目的 观察天津市20年甲状腺疾病发病的变化，以进一步探讨碘与甲状腺疾病的关系。方法 用游程检验和泊松分布的U检验方法对天津医科大学总医院病理科1978～1997年甲状腺疾病总外科病理检出率(外检率)和六种甲状腺疾病的外检率进行统计学分析。结果 20年的外检总量160325例(平均8016例/年)。有甲状腺疾病者总数：3701例，总外检率：2.31%。统计学分析显示：甲状腺疾病的外检率在1982年后呈下降趋势，在1995年后呈明显上升趋势。20年结节性甲状腺肿的外检率呈上升趋势，以1995年后更著，桥本甲状腺炎(HT)和腺瘤的外检率呈下降趋势；甲状腺乳头状癌和滤泡癌的外检率无变化。结论 20年甲状腺疾病，特别是毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿、结节性甲状腺肿外检所表现出的与饮用低碘水和碘盐供给时间相关的阶段性变化，进一步证实碘与甲状腺疾病的发生密切相关，应引起高度重视和更深入的研究。
【关键词】 甲状腺疾病 碘 发病率 病理学
Twenty-year changes in the incidence of thyroid diseases in Tianjin area—analysis on the clinicopathologic materials in the General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University
JIANG Changxin,FANG Peihua,ZHANG Lihui,et al
Department of Pathology,Tianjin Medical University,Basic Medical College,Tianjin,300070
【Abstract】 Objective To study the twenty-year changes in the incidence of various thyroid diseases in Tianjin area. Methods A statistic analysis was performed on materials of various thyroid diseases from files of Department of Pathology (1978-1997) in General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, with Run test and Poisson-U test. Results The total number of biopsies in the twenty years was 160 325 (average 8016/year). The biopsy number of total thyroid diseases in the twenty years was 3 701 and the average biopsy ratio of total thyroid diseases was 2.31%. According to Run test, biopsy ratio of thyroid diseases in total and Graves disease (GD) showed a descending tendency from 1982 and an ascending tendency from 1995, nodular goiter showed an ascending tendency while HT and adenoma showed a descending tendency during the twenty years. The biopsy ratios of papillary carcinoma and follicular carcinoma showed no change during the twenty years. Conclusion The change in biopsy ratios of total thyroid diseases and GD in the two periods may be related with the low iodine (4.0μg/L) in drinking water in early 80s and with iodized salt prophylax beginning fro[1] [2] 下一页
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