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郑州市黄河水源水藻类和藻类毒素污染状况调查 |
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孟玉珍 张丁 王兴国 朱宝玉 张红茹 王宏
摘 要：目的 探讨郑州市地面饮用水源水浮游藻类和藻毒素污染的发生发展规律。方法 于1998年在郑州B水厂、S水厂水源水设采样点，对郑州市水源水藻类污染状况进行了连续检测，采用高敏感度ELISA方法测定微囊藻毒素含量。结果 郑州市B水厂水源水月平均藻类密度为1 439×104/L，8月份最高达到4 762×104/L。S水厂水源水月平均藻类密度为1 071×104/L，毒性较高的蓝藻已成为S水厂水源水的优势藻种。在2个水厂水源水24份样品中，微囊藻毒素的阳性检出率为70.83%。结论 郑州市水源水已呈现富营养化特征。
关键词：藻类；水污染，化学性
Studies on algae and microcystin pollution in source water of Yellow River in Zhengzhou City
MENG Yuzhen, ZHANG Ding, WANG Xinguo, et al.
Health and Epidemic Prevention Station of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450003, China
Abstract：Objective To study the law of development of pollution with algae and microcystin (MC) in source water of Yellow River in Zhengzhou city. Methods Algae and MC were detected continuously for source water samples collected from B and S Water Works of Zhengzhou in 1998. Microcystin was determined with high-sensitive ELISA. Results Monthly average density of algae was 1 439×104/L in source water of B Water Works of Zhengzhou, with peak algae density of 4 762×104/L in August, and that of S Water Works was 1 071×104/L. Blue-algae of higher toxicity has become dominant species in source water from S water Works. Detection rate of microcystin was 70.83% in 24 samples collected from the two water works. Conclusion According to Carlson′s trophic state index (TSI), as well as other indices, such as total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demands (COD) and algae density in water, source water in Zhengzhou has presented characteristics of eutrophication.
Key words：Algae；Water pollution,chemical
黄河水是郑州市生活饮用水的主要水源。近年来，随着工农业的发展，大量工业废水和生活污水排入黄河，加快了黄河水的富营养化过程。1992年以来，郑州市水源水厂调蓄池内多次出现由于藻类大量生长而导致自来水出现明显的鱼腥味现象，影响了居民的生活饮用。一些有毒藻类可产生藻类毒素，对居民的身体健康造成危害。为探讨郑州黄河水源水浮游藻类污染的发生发展规律，为制定防治对策提供科学依据，我们于1998年对郑州市水源水藻类污染状况进行了连续检测，结果如下。
材料与方法
1.采样点布设：郑州市共有2个以黄河为水源的自来水厂，供水人口占全市人口的90%。郑州市区东半部主要由B水厂供水，西半部主要由S水厂供水。另有一个为[1] [2] 下一页
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